While many scholars have written about the history of Kinnaur, I have also developed an interest in researching and writing about it. Today, I am presenting a few articles based on my research. Kinnaur is known as the land of the gods and was once part of the Bushahr kingdom. The local customs, social activities, and minor judicial matters in the villages were traditionally governed by local and Khund (lineage) deities.
Urni Village, located in the Pagramang Valley of Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh, is a place of stunning natural beauty and deep cultural heritage. This article delves into the various aspects of Urni Village, including its history, traditions, festivals, and local lifestyle, providing a comprehensive guide for anyone interested in exploring this hidden gem.
Urni Village is part of the Nichar tehsil in Kinnaur district, situated approximately 30 kilometers from the district headquarters, Bhawanagar. Bhawanagar serves as the sub-district headquarters for Tapri Village as well. Nestled in the picturesque Pagramang Valley, Urni Village stands out for its scenic landscapes, traditional architecture, and vibrant local culture.
The term “Pagramang” in Kinnauri means “four villages.” This region, which includes these four villages, was historically governed by their respective deities. Each village has its own unique deities: Shri Maheshwar in Chagaon, Shri Badrinath in Urni, Shri Sorgach in Miru, and Shri Jal Nag in Yula. Besides these primary deities, there are also several hidden or secret deities, such as Vishnu, Nar, Matiging, Kali Durga, and others.
Pagramang was part of the Bushahr kingdom, and local deities played a significant role in the administration and justice system. For instance, Goroch would deliver justice in the body of a human, assisted by other deities like Pujari, Maatsh, Chalania, and others who had specific roles within the temple.
In the past, the duties and responsibilities within the village were well-defined and strictly followed. This structured system continues to function effectively to this day, albeit primarily within the temples.
Deities and Festivals
The main deity of Pagramang was Shri Maheshwar Ji, whose domain extended from Rarang to Yesu Dhar. The village festivals and important dates were determined by Maheshwar Ji. These festivals included:
- Saja Sangna: The festival of ghee marking the new year.
- Faguli: Celebrated across Kinnaur, marking the arrival of spring.
- Chaitrol: Celebrated exclusively in Chagaon.
- Bishu: Celebrated throughout Kinnaur.
- Ayrchhang, Asletch, Dakhrain, Phulaich, and Diwal: These festivals highlight the rich cultural tapestry of the region.
Each of these festivals is accompanied by traditional songs and dances, such as Faguli songs, Bishu songs, Ayrchhang songs, and others. Notably, the “Gorokha Boirs” song commemorates the historical event when Maheshwar Ji saved the king from Gorkha invaders by luring them to Yashang Dhar and crushing them under a massive rock.
Cultural Heritage and Local Legends
The villages of Pagramang have their own rich cultural heritage and local legends. For instance, the “Gorokha Boirs” song is a testament to the bravery and strategic acumen of Maheshwar Ji. There are also numerous traditional songs linked to specific families and historical events, such as the songs of the Yashang Dames and the Hirma Devi song, dedicated to Maheshwar’s mother.
Agriculture and Local Cuisine
The traditional crops of the region include barley (Chag), potatoes (Hlangan), buckwheat (Kodo), and several varieties of wheat and maize. Fruits like apricots, pears, and grapes are also grown here. The local cuisine features a variety of traditional dishes, such as Siddu (steamed bread), Chana Madra (chickpea curry), and Thukpa (noodle soup), often accompanied by locally brewed beverages.
Modern Developments and Challenges
Despite the rich cultural heritage, the region faces challenges, especially with modern developments like the JSW project, which has affected the local environment and the lives of the residents. However, the people of Pagramang remain resilient, preserving their traditions and cultural practices while adapting to new realities.
Pagramang in Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, is a region steeped in history, culture, and tradition. The unique blend of local festivals, deities, songs, and agricultural practices makes it a fascinating destination for those interested in exploring the cultural heart of Kinnaur. Despite modern challenges, the people of Pagramang continue to uphold their rich heritage, offering a glimpse into the timeless traditions of this beautiful region.
Mysterious Himachal 